Electrodes

Working electrodes are electrodes on which occur the processes that are basis of measurement. Working electrodes usually have a small size and are polarizable. The small size ensures small values of measured current and large current density, which causes the amount of the analyte involved in a redox reaction, in spite of repeated measurement, is considerably reduced.

In 3-electrode electrochemical measuring systems, the counter electrodes have a function of current interface between potentiostat and electrolyte. An important parameter is the surface of counter electrode - it should be larger than the working electrode surface. Our offer includes counter electrodes with various shapes and different materials: platinum, gold, nickel, etc.

Reference electrodes for use in various kinds of electrochemical measurements using potentiostat. They are characterized by a constant potential, which does not change with the change of ions concentration in solution and are used as a reference for measuring potentials of other electrodes. We offer silver chloride, calomel, hydrogen electrodes for both aqueous and non-aqueous (organic) media. In our offer there are also accessories for storage and regeneration of such electrodes.

Platinum-hydrogen electrodes are the only reference electrodes which measure directly the hydrogen ions activity.

We offer direct printed electrodes (DPE). They are widely used mainly as amperometric sensors.

Special electrodes which allow for simultaneous spectrometric measurements. Conductive material is platinum or gold grid, or indium tin oxide (ITO) film deposited on transparant substrate.

PK-3 kit allows for electrode polishing in order to remove redox reaction products accumulated on its surface. The polishing maintains a good condition of working electrode during voltamperometric neasurements.